Conservation Laboratory Techniques: Introduction to Moving Image Preservation

Moving images have emerged in the 20th century as one of the dominant methods of conveying history, communications, and entertainment. The earliest films date back to the 1880s and paved the way for major technological and artistic developments, resulting in a modern-day media landscape including analog video, born-digital video, and even AI. Despite the recency of these inventions, moving images are rapidly degrading and their playback technologies are fading into obsolescence. The Library of Congress estimates that 70% of silent films from the United States are permanently lost, either due to lack of preservation, fire, or disposal. Films that do remain may succumb to vinegar syndrome, plasticizer decay, and poor housing conditions, rendering them unviewable despite being less than 150 years old. We see similar issues with analog video formats, many of which are struggling with sticky shed syndrome, scarcity in video decks for playback, and proprietary engineering. This course aims to provide a comprehensive overview of moving image technologies and their preservation, ranging from film to video to born-digital files, in order to prepare emerging archivists for future encounters with these formats when working in the field.